Which syndrome typically displays increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma in ultrasounds?

Which syndrome typically displays increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma in ultrasounds?

• A. Patau Syndrome
• B. Turner Syndrome
• C. Down Syndrome
• D. Edward's Syndrome

Answer: (B)

Turner Syndrome is associated with increased nuchal translucency and the presence of cystic hygroma on ultrasound. Nuchal translucency refers to the fluid accumulation at the back of the fetus's neck, which can be measured in the first trimester. Elevated levels of nuchal translucency can indicate various chromosomal abnormalities, one of which is Turner Syndrome, caused by the absence of one of the X chromosomes in females. Cystic hygroma, a fluid-filled sac resulting from lymphatic obstruction, is also frequently observed in fetuses with Turner Syndrome. It can be present during early gestational scans and can provide a clue to the potential underlying genetic conditions. Other syndromes listed, such as Patau Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and Edward's Syndrome, may have their own set of ultrasound findings, but they are not typically characterized by both increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma to the extent seen in Turner Syndrome. This makes Turner Syndrome the correct choice in this context.

Turner Syndrome is associated with increased nuchal translucency and the presence of cystic hygroma on ultrasound. Nuchal translucency refers to the fluid accumulation at the back of the fetus's neck, which can be measured in the first trimester. Elevated levels of nuchal translucency can indicate various chromosomal abnormalities, one of which is Turner Syndrome, caused by the absence of one of the X chromosomes in females.

Cystic hygroma, a fluid-filled sac resulting from lymphatic obstruction, is also frequently observed in fetuses with Turner Syndrome. It can be present during early gestational scans and can provide a clue to the potential underlying genetic conditions.

Other syndromes listed, such as Patau Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and Edward's Syndrome, may have their own set of ultrasound findings, but they are not typically characterized by both increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma to the extent seen in Turner Syndrome. This makes Turner Syndrome the correct choice in this context.